Times	*Authors (Presenter)**	Abstract Title and Summary
10:00 a.m.	Mandt K. *	Workshop Introduction
10:10 a.m.	Prockter L. *	Welcome to APL
10:25 a.m.	Colangeli L. *	Future of Mission to Giant Planets in the Frame of ESA Science Programm
10:50 a.m.	Simon A. *	The Giant Planets and the Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal Survey [#4044] This talk will provide an overview of the science and mission priorities listed in the Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal Survey.

Tuesday, July 12, 2022

GIANT PLANET ORIGINS, EVOLUTION, AND STRUCTURE

11:15 a.m. Auditorium

Chairs: Kathy Mandt and Olivier Mousis

Times	*Authors (Presenter)**	Abstract Title and Summary
11:15 a.m.	Helled R. *	Key Open Questions Linked to the Origin, Evolution, and Structure of Uranus and Neptune [#4005] Uranus and Neptune form a distinct class of planets in our solar system. In this talk I will review the current-knowledge of Uranus and Neptune focusing on their formation history, evolution and internal structure.
11:40 a.m.	Kurosaki K. * Ikoma M.	Thermal Evolution of Uranus with Condensation of Ice Constituents in the Atmosphere: Implications for the N/O and C/O Ratios [#4014] The luminosity of Uranus is lower than that of Neptune. Here we focused on the thermal evolution with significant amounts of ice constituents in the atmosphere. We demonstrate that the condensation makes the cooling time faster.
12:00 p.m.	Mandt K. E. * Mousis O. Simon A. Hofstadter M.	Do Juno MWR Results Invalidate Galileo Probe Noble Gas and Isotope Measurements? [#4032] We will review the importance of the GPMS noble gas measurements and discuss whether Juno MWR observations impact the validity of these measurements.
12:20 p.m.		Lunch
1:50 p.m.	Rufu R. * Canup R. M.	Co-Accretion + Giant Impact Origin of the Uranus System [#4020] The formation of Uranus and Neptune remains poorly understood. The satellite systems may provide additional constraints on the final stages of ice giant formation.
2:10 p.m.	Mousis O. * Aguichine A. Schneeberger A. Cavalié T. Lunine J. I. Mandt K. E. Srisuchinwong U.	Jupiter’s Possible Low Water Abundance as a Testimonial of Peculiar Formation Conditions [#4037] What if Jupiter is a carbon-rich planet (CRP)? We investigate the mechanisms at play in the protosolar nebula that could generate a C/O ratio ≥ 1 in the solids and vapors accreted by the forming Jupiter, a condition that must be met by any CRP.

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Tuesday, July 12, 2022

GIANT PLANET INTERIORS

2:30 p.m. Auditorium

Chairs: Krista Soderlund and Nadine Nettelmann

Times	*Authors (Presenter)**	Abstract Title and Summary
2:30 p.m.	Stixrude L. * Baroni S. Grasselli F.	Thermal and Tidal Evolution of Uranus with a Growing Frozen Core [#4025] The presence of a growing frozen core explains the anomalously low heat flow of Uranus and produces time-varying tidal dissipation that matches the requirements of the orbits of Miranda, Ariel, and Umbriel.
2:55 p.m.	Fortney J. J. * Movshovitz N.	The Interior Structure of Uranus: Promise and Limitations of Precision Gravity [#4002] A state of the art study of what could be learned about the interior structure of Uranus with a high-precision determination of the planet’s external gravity field.
3:15 p.m.	Nettelmann N. * Cano M. Tosi N.	On the Atmospheric Helium Abundance in Uranus from He/H Phase Separation [#4038] We find that Uranus interior conditions can become favorable to the demixing of helium from hydrogen if the water content is below ~0.83% by mass. This may lead to atmospheric helium depletion, which can be probed in-situ.
3:35 p.m.	Neuenschwander B. A. * Helled R.	Empirical Structure Models of Uranus and Neptune [#4010] We investigate how different rotation periods and wind depths affect the internal structure of Uranus and Neptune. We then show how improved knowledge of the gravity field or moment of inertia helps to constrain the interior structure.
3:55 p.m.		Coffee Break
4:20 p.m.	Soyuer D. * Soubiran F. Helled R.	The Implications of Electrical Conductivity Models of Uranus and Neptune [#4018] Modelling the electrical conductivity of Uranus and Neptune provide an additional approach for constraining their interiors and explaining their differences.
4:40 p.m.	Sun J. *	Exotic Compounds and Their States in the Interior of Giant Planets Predicted from First-Principles Calculations [#4028] introduce the crystal structure prediction method (Magus) and its applications in predicting new possible compounds (He-H₂O, He-NH₃, He-CH₄, Si-O-H) in the interior of giant planets, and their exotic new states at HPHT (superionic and plastic).
5:00 p.m.		Discussion, Summary
5:30 p.m.		End of Day 1

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Wednesday, July 13, 2022

POSTER LIGHTNING PRESENTATIONS

9:00 a.m. Auditorium

This session will provide poster presenters the opportunity to give 3-minute lightning talks about their posters (1–2 slides).

Times	*Authors (Presenter)**	Abstract Title and Summary
9:00 a.m.		Day Two IIntroductions
9:05 a.m.	Beltz J. R. * LeBeau R. P. Jr.	GCM Simulation of Outer Solar System Atmospheres for Flight Simulation [#4021] Simulation of outer solar system atmospheres as part of a toolbox intended to be used for flight simulation of any fixed-wing air-craft in any simulated atmosphere.
9:08 a.m.	Hueso R. * Guillot T.	Observations of Uranus’ Dynamic Atmosphere: Consequences for Probe-Orbiter Measurements [#4029] We discuss the role of orbiter observations to characterize the probe entry location, and how the combination of both data sets will provide a transformative understanding of atmospheric dynamics in hydrogen atmospheres rich in volatiles.
9:11 a.m.	Cohen I. J. * Clark G. B. Kollmann P. Turner D. L.	Outstanding Mysteries of the Uranian Magnetosphere [#4004] A new analysis of Voyager 2/LECP observations underscores that measurements of ion composition – both mass and charge state – in the thermal and suprathermal (10s to 100s keV) energy ranges, as well as the high-frequency magnetic field, are required.
9:14 a.m.	Soyuer D. * Zwick L. D’Orazio D. J. Saha P.	Ice Giant Missions as Gravitational Wave Detectors [#4006] Prospective ice giant missions will spend most of their time in interplanetary space. This cruise time can be utilized to search for low-frequency gravitational waves by observing the Doppler shift caused by them in the Earth-spacecraft radio link.
9:17 a.m.	Zwick L. Soyuer D. * Bucko J.	Prospects for a Local Detection of Dark Matter With Future Missions to Uranus and Neptune [#4007] We investigate the possibility of detecting the gravitational influence of dark matter in the solar system on the trajectory of prospective Doppler ranging missions to Uranus and Neptune.
9:20 a.m.	McCarty S. Oleson S. R. Landis G. A. Turnbull E. Smith D. Faller B. Fittje J. Gyekenyesi G. Colozza A. Schmitz P. Klefman B. Heldman C. Dosa B. Packard T. Izenberg N. *	Design Study of Nuclear-Electric Transport Vehicle for Ice Giant Missions [#4019] Abeona is a design study of a Nuclear Electric Propulsion vehicle for delivery of a science mission to the ice giant planets and their moons. We have analyzed missions to both the Uranus system (travel time 10 years), or the Neptune system (15 years).
9:23 a.m.	Burhani B. M. Solano F. Fantino E. * Flores R. Sanjurjo-Rivo M. Alessi E. M.	A Novel Trajectory Concept for a Mission to the Inner Large Moons of Saturn [#4034] We present a novel trajectory concept for an in situ mission featuring orbits around the Inner Large Moons of Saturn (Dione, Tethys, Enceladus and Mimas). The presentation will focus on the observational performance at the several targets.

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Wednesday, July 13, 2022

GIANT PLANET ATMOSPHERES AND PROCESSES

9:30 a.m. Auditorium

Chair: Mike Wong and Karen Aplin

Times	*Authors (Presenter)**	Abstract Title and Summary
9:30 a.m.	Guillot T. *	The Complementary Aspects of Orbiter and Probe Measurements for a Future Uranus Mission [#4023] Uranus is key to understand planets with hydrogen atmospheres. For this prospect, we must map its atmospheric temperature and methane abundance with measurements from an orbiter and make in situ measurements with a probe.
9:55 a.m.	Cavalié T. *	The Deep Composition of Giant Planets from Thermochemical Modeling and In Situ Exploration [#4027] I will present modeling work which aims at expanding our knowledge of the deep composition of the Solar System Giant Planets, and how such models can complement abundance measurements to be carried out by an in situ probe.
10:15 a.m.	Hofstadter M. D. * Butler B. J. Akins A. B. Gurwell M. A.	The Deep Troposphere of Uranus as Seen at Radio Wavelengths: Implications for Targeting an Atmospheric Probe [#4036] Radio observations of Uranus are used to constrain the composition and circulation of the deep atmosphere. Results suggest that a probe should enter within 30 degrees latitude of the equator, and send data back from a depth of at least 10 bars.
10:35 a.m.	Garland J. * Sayanagi K. M.	Improving the Uranus and Neptune PlanetGRAMs with 2D Zonally-Averaged Atmospheric Variabilities [#4042] We developed an open-source Python package that generates the 2D zonally-averaged atmospheric structure of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune to be used as reference bases for NASA’s Planetary Global Reference Atmospheric Model Suite.
10:55 a.m.		Coffee Break
11:20 a.m.	Rowe-Gurney N. * Fletcher L. N. Orton G. S. Roman M. T. Sinclair J. A. Moses J. I. Irwin P. G. J. Milam S. N. Hammel H. B.	Ice Giant Atmospheric Structures from Spitzer and How the James Webb Space Telescope will Advance Our Understanding [#4045] Spitzer’s IRS acquired mid-infrared disc-averaged spectra of Uranus & Neptune 2004–2007. We analyze the differences in temperature & composition between the separate hemispheres to shed light on the variability of stratospheres and upper tropospheres.
11:45 a.m.	Dahl E. K. * Rowe-Gurney N. Orton G. S. Brueshaber S. R. Cosentino R. G. Palotai C. Sankar R. Sayanagi K. M.	Focus Atmospheric Science Questions for Probing Uranus [#4030] We present community-sourced priority science objectives regarding Uranus’ atmosphere that might be addressed by an in situ probe, as prioritized by the 2023-2032 Decadal Strategy for Planetary Science and Astrobiology.
12:05 p.m.	Markham S. * Guillot T. Li C.	Moist Convection in Abyssal Hydrogen Atmospheres: Uranus as a Laboratory for Meteorology Across the Galaxy [#4015] We discuss the role of in situ measurements on characterizing convective inhibition and deep rain on Uranus. We then discuss implications for Uranus’ structure and evolution, as well as applications to exoplanets.
12:25 p.m.		Lunch

Wednesday, July 13, 2022

ENTRY SYSTEMS AND OTHER TECHNOLOGIES

1:55 p.m. Auditorium

Chairs: Ethiraj Venkatapathy and Olivier Witasse

Times	*Authors (Presenter)**	Abstract Title and Summary
1:55 p.m.	Venkatapathy E. *	Recent Advances in Ablative TPS in the U.S. for In-Situ Exploration of Giant Planets [#4009] The main objective of this proposed talk is to present a comprehensive picture of the SOA TPS technology including recent developments.
2:20 p.m.	Alpert H. S. * Monk J. D. Wercinski P. F. Venkatapathy E.	A TPS Design Analysis of Entry Probe Delivery from Orbit for Ice Giant Missions [#4012] Entry state trade space is investigated to safely deliver a Neptune entry probe from an orbiter. Aerothermal environments and heatshield material capabilities are used to identify recommended entry conditions to decrease mass, risk, and cost.
2:40 p.m.	Arnold J. O. * Cornelius D. M. Qu M.	“Fast” Trajectories Using Aerogravity Assist (AGA) that Might Reduce Duration to the Start of Science at Enceladus [#4033] The hypothesis that Aerogravity Assist technology might reduce the duration from launch to the start of scientific exploration of Enceladus compared to that discussed in the 2020 study by Shannon Mackenzie is presented.
3:00 p.m.	Dutta S. *	Enabling In-Situ Exploration of the Ice Giants Using Aerocapture [#4011] Traditional fully-propulsive orbit insertion for Ice Giants leads to long transit times (13-15 years) and a large amount of propellant (40-50% prop mass), leaving less mass for payload and planetary probe. Aerocapture can increase scientific payload.
3:20 p.m.		Coffee Break
3:45 p.m.	Izenberg N. R. * Kott T. M. Papadakis S. J.	RIPS (Rotor/Impeller Power System) for Planetary Atmosphere Descent Probes [#4017] Power from the fall //deep into the atmosphere //all for more science.
4:05 p.m.		Discussion, Summary
4:35 p.m.		End of Day 2

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Thursday, July 14, 2022

INSTRUMENTATION

9:00 a.m. Auditorium

Chairs: Audey Vorburger and Shahid Aslam

Times	*Authors (Presenter)**	Abstract Title and Summary
9:00 a.m.		Day Three Introductions
9:05 a.m.	Masters A. *	Uranus’ Weird Magnetosphere: The Case for a Low-Resource Magnetometer on an Entry Probe [#4031] Science of the dynamo and magnetosphere is one of the pillars supporting the Uranus flagship mission that has recently been prioritized. Here I make the case for a low-resource magnetometer to be included in the payload of the planned entry probe.
9:30 a.m.	Mahaffy P. R. * Atreya S. K. Wong M. H.	In Situ Measurements of the Chemical and Isotopic Composition of Jupiter with the Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer, and Prospects for the Other Giant Planets [#4039] We provide an overview of in situ measurements and interpretation of the chemical and isotopic composition of Jupiter with the Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer secured in 1995 and prospects for future measurements at the other giant planets.
9:55 a.m.	Webster C. * Hofmann A. Atreya S.	Tunable Laser Spectrometers for Planetary Science
10:15 a.m.	Vorburger A. H. * Wurz P.	Mass Spectrometer System for Giant Planet Atmospheric Probes [#4008] We present a mass spectrometer system suitable for giant planet atmospheric probes. In this presentation, we will discuss measurement capabilities (e.g., sensitivity and resolution) as well as a proposed measurement sequence for Saturn and/or Uranus.
10:35 a.m.		Coffee Break
11:00 a.m.	Wong M. H. * Fahad H. M. Sayanagi K. M.	Advancing Chip-Scale Gas Composition Sensors for Efficient Planetary Exploration [#4013] The small volume, mass, and power requirements of gas sensors using chemically sensitive transistors could enable compositional measurements on secondary probes. Measurements at 10-second cadences could provide high vertical resolution.
11:20 a.m.	Lorenz R. D. *	From Titan to the Giant Planets: Adapting Dragonfly’s Cryogenic Instrumentation to Uranus and Saturn Probes [#4035] To probe atmosphere;Moisture, Lightning, Sound, Structure;Titan shows the way.
11:45 a.m.	Aslam S. * Quilligan G. Irwin P. G. J. Calcutt S.	Design of an Advanced, Compact Ice Giants Net Flux Radiometer [#4001] We present an advanced Ice-Giants Net Flux Radiometer (IG-NFR) for in-situ measurements of the upward and downward radiation flux in seven spectral channels, each with a 10° Field-Of-View and in five sequential view angles as a function of altitude.
12:05 a.m.	Atkinson D. H. * Mousis O.	Model Payload for Ice Giant Entry Probe Missions [#4041] An ice giant probe instrument payload is selected to measure atmospheric composition, structure, and dynamics with a mass spectrometer and atmospheric structure instrument. Additional instruments can measure helium, clouds, and energy structure.
12:25 p.m.		Lunch

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Thursday, July 14, 2022

MISSION CONCEPTS, NASA AND ESA OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE PLANS TO EXPLORE THE GIANT PLANETS

1:55 p.m. Auditorium

Chairs: TBD

Times	*Authors (Presenter)**	Abstract Title and Summary
1:55 p.m.	Wurz P. Vorburger A. * Mousis O. Helled R.	Composition Measurements of Uranus’ Atmosphere [#4026] Knowing the composition of the gas giants is important to understand their origin and evolution. The Uranus mission prioritised in the present decadal survey will allow for such investigations on a probe supported by measurements from the orbiter.
2:15 p.m.	Monk J. D. * Prabhu D. K. Allen G. A. Thornton J. M. Hwang H. Pensado A. R. Dutta S.	Uranus Probe Entry and Descent Mission Concept [#4040] This Uranus concept study was requested by the Decadal Survey panel to determine NASA’s planetary science priorities from 2022-2032. This study focused on the probe’s entry and descent aspects and associated trades for viable trajectory options.
2:35 p.m.	Cohen I. J. * Rymer A. M. Runyon K. D. Clyde B. A. Neptune-Odyssey PMCS Team	Neptune Odyssey: A Mission to the Neptune-Triton System [#4003] Neptune Odyssey is a Flagship-class orbiter and atmospheric probe mission concept to the Neptune-Triton system that would be the first to orbit Neptune to study the planet, its rings, small satellites, space environment, and its moon, Triton.
2:55 p.m.	Sayanagi K. M. * Dillman R. A. Atkinson D. H. Li J. Saikia S. Simon A. A. Spilker T. R. Wong M. H. Hope D. Arora A. Bowen S. Bowes A. Brady J. Goggin D. Horan S. Infeld S. Leckey J. P. Marvel T. McCabe R. M. Parikh A. Peterson D. Primeaux S. Scammell A. Somervill K. Taylor L. Thames C. Tosoc H. Tran L. Edwards W. C. Clark T. Grondin T. Fairbairn R. Li L. Longuski J. M. Young C. L. Dutta S.	Small Next-Generation Atmospheric Probe (Snap) Concept for Ice Giant Missions [#4022] We present the results of a mission concept study, funded by NASA’s Planetary Science Deep Space SmallSat Studies Program, for a small atmospheric entry probe designed to be included in future giant planet missions.
3:15 p.m.	Malach J. Luthartio E. Parker H. * Kwitowski S. Hertz A. Asif S. Samareh J. Bayandor J.	Jovian Autonomous Sailplane for Persistent Exploration and Research (JASPER) [#4024] Jovian Autonomous Sailplane for Persistent Exploration and Research (JASPER) is a concept mission to Jupiter with multiple autonomous gliders capable of operating between 1 bar and 100 bar altitude to collect simultaneous in-situ atmospheric data.
3:35 p.m.		Coffee Break

Thursday, July 14, 2022

WORKSHOP CLOSING

4:00 p.m. Auditorium

Chairs: TBD

Times	*Authors (Presenter)**	Abstract Title and Summary
4:00 p.m.	Neibur C. *	NASA Headquarters Perspectives on Outer Solar System Exploration
4:25 p.m.		Discussion, Summary, Possible Panel Discussion
5:25 p.m.		Meeting Adjourn

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